![]() ![]() Another ligand bonded to the central ion through a nitrogen atom is the 5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole group which lies below the corrin ring. The nitrogen atom in the pyrrole subunits is coordinately bonded to the central cobalt ion. This is similar to the porphyrin ring found in hemoglobin. The core of the molecule contains a corrin ring with various side groups. These groups lie above the corrin ring and are the active sites of the molecule. The vitamin consists of a central cobalt ion (III) bonded to a R group which may be either a methyl group in methylcobalamin or 5’-deoxyadenosine in adenosylcobalamin or hydroxyl group in hydroxocobalmin or a cyano group in cyanocobalamin. Got a question on this topic?Īnalysis of the structure of vitamin B12 is essential to understand the way our body utilizes the vitamin to produce red blood cells. As this vitamin plays an important role in the development of red blood cells in the bone marrow of higher animals, deficiency of this vitamin causes pernicious anemia, a disease in which the production of red blood cells decreases. As the number of plant-based source of this vitamin is very few, for vegans it is advised to take dietary supplements or fortified foods for the vitamin. Vitamin B12 is obtained from animal sources like eggs, meat, and dairy products. In ruminants, the microorganisms help in synthesizing the vitamins. ![]() Vitamin B12 is synthesized only by microorganisms like certain bacteria and archeabacteria. The vitamin was first isolated in 1948 by scientists Karl Folkers and Baron Alexander Todd. It is an organometallic compound in which the central metal ion, cobalt, is bonded to a carbon atom. It exists in four similar chemical forms called vitamers – cyanocobalamin, methylcobalamin, adenosylcobalamin, and hydroxocobalamin. It is the largest of all vitamins and has a complex structure. ![]() Among all the 8 vitamins available, vitamin B12 is a type of vitamin B. ![]()
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